One of the biggest question I find difficult to comprehend is "What is Time?"
What a question that is. Time; the concept of measurement of events. We live in our own small world and have the most basic grasp of what 'time' really is. I mean, we understand that we have 60 seconds in a minute, 60 minutes in an hour, 24 hours a day and 365 Days to a year (Or near enough). We are taught these things from childhood and while we can grasp this basic concept of 'time', what many don't even consider is "What is time, and how does time work"?
I can only be upfront here and say I honestly can not comprehend this concept. It is far too difficult to wrap my head around the full nature of time and where we are heading. From my limited understanding, We are able to track time, which to us, means it exists. There is a past, a present and a future of which we can only perceive one of. The only thing is, time is constantly changing and therefor what we perceive now, is not the same as what we perceive now. In case you didn't pick up on what I said, every micro perception of time can never be lived again, so what you are reading right now is different to what you were reading a few words earlier. Time moved forward and you moved forward with it, weather you wanted to or not.
Our perception of time is best understood through our own experience of it. I know there was a past because I was there, I can remember it. I know there is a present because I'm here, right now, which constantly becomes the past. And, from past experience, knowing that the present becomes the past, yet more present 'presents' itself, there must be a future. If there was no future, it would mean the present would cease to exist. And if the Present ceased to exist, there would be no more past - in this I mean, we need a future in order to remember the past. Every time we think of a memory, it takes us from present to future to recall the past experiences.
What is the future? In a basic sense, it is a time period that has not yet come to pass. For instance, 1 week away. As we head towards this time in the future, we experience the constant flux of the present. It's the constant recording of the future becoming the present, becoming the past. All within an instant. There are X amount of instances that happen before we finally arrive at the desired time (X being an unrecordable number). Yet time doesn't stop when we arrive, it continues forward and becomes the past.
Our perception of time allows us to understand that if I count to 30 seconds, then 30 seconds has gone by, it's become the past. So for us to arrive 1 week in the future, we would need to perceive 604,800 seconds (I will get more into this later). But what is a single second?
A single second is, of course a perceived amount of time, very short, but how short? And, the question is, does everyone perceive a second exactly the same. Just like a Video Camera with different frame rates, one records at 24 frames per second, another at 29 frames per second. Do people perceive time exactly the same, or can there be a difference in perception yet because life seems normal and we each have our own basic understanding of time, it seems like everyone experiences the same?
Many people have experienced certain things in life where something significant happened (A car accident, a loss of a loved one while in their presence, Extreme stress situation, etc). And during these times many people have claimed to perceived time differently; as if it had slowed down. They can see what is happening but the perception is as if time has changed speed. And often, when this happens, the person can recall the instance in far greater detail.
While the perception of time 'seems' to have slowed down for this person, every body else still experienced the same amount of time passing by. I personally have no explanation for such experiences happening but can only liken it to a video camera that was recording in 24 frames per second, suddenly changed to record in 240 frames per second. Our awareness now has more information recorded to pull from hence being able to recall in much greater details. It truly would be interesting if we were able to change this perception of time and turn on slow motion at will, something of which I will get into at a later point.
Just like the slow down of time, someone who gets non-recoverable amnesia has a thing or two to say about time. One minute they are 16 years old, the next minute they are waking up in hospital being told they were in a car accident and sustained brain damage, only to discover they are 56 years old, loosing 40 years of perceived time.To them, the difference from being 16 to 56 is a single instance.
When we go to sleep, often our head hits the pillow and the next minute the alarm is going off to wake us the next morning. The information being stored for recall purposes effects what our perception of time is like. That's why some days seem to take forever, and other days fly by. That's why as a child it feels like years have passed before our next birthday or Christmas, yet as an adult it feels as short as a couple of months.
So going back to what a single second is, can we say that while it may be universal (so to speak), a single second of time can be perceived differently through different experiences? If we can accept that time can vary from each individuals perception, what then is controlling time and making it move forward, not backwards, or stopping it entirely?